There are different kinds of mental health conditions. Statistics indicate that some of the mental health disorders are common among people, and the prevalence rate is high among people. Close to 60 to 70 million people in India suffer from common and severe mental health disorders. In India, the suicide rate is over 2.6 lakh every year.
Some of the common mental health conditions
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Depression indicates a wide range of mental health issues. Depression is characterized as the absence of positive affect and the loss of interest or pleasure in activities that the individual once enjoyed doing. A low mood affects the emotional, cognitive, physical, and behavioral aspects of an individual. A lack of libido, fatigue, and diminished activity are also common, although agitation, increased and decreased appetite, loss of interest in everyday life, feeling guilty, worthlessness, deserved punishment, and marked anxiety can frequently occur and are common. Major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder are common mood disorders.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
The common feature of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is constant anxiety and worry that occurs on a regular basis for at least 6 months or more. A person with generalized anxiety disorder finds it difficult to control their anxiety, worry, often restlessness, easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating, irritated, and disturbed sleep.
Some individuals with generalized anxiety disorder are excessively apprehensive about the outcome of their daily routine and anticipate catastrophic outcomes. GAD is often comorbid with depression.
Panic Disorder
People with panic disorder have sudden, short-lived panic attacks that occur out of the blue. They often take steps to avoid situations to avoid triggers or sudden panic attacks with no cause. The frequency of panic attacks varies, and situational triggers are external (object or person), and in some situations they can be internal (physiological arousal). The panic attacks are unexpected, spontaneous, or without a cue (uncued).
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by the presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both. Obsessions are unwanted intrusive thoughts, images, or urges in a person’s mind. Obsessions are distressing and disturbing. These obsessions lead to compulsive behaviors like checking, cleaning, organizing, repeating, and counting.
The obsessions include the fear of contamination, fear of harm, excessive concern for order or symmetry, or other bodily or physiological symptoms that lead to repetitive behaviors that are overt and observable by others. These compulsive behaviors are difficult to resist and control. Only when the individual engages in compulsive behavior do their obsessions in mind decline.
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a response to one or more exposures to traumatic events. Individuals who have experienced torture, war, accidents, natural disasters, violent crimes (such as sexual assault, physical assault, bombings, and riots), women who have given birth traumatizingly, individuals with life-threatening illnesses, and members of the armed forces, police, and other emergency personnel are among those who are susceptible to developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). People with PTSD involuntarily re-experience aspects of the traumatic event in a vivid and distressing way. The flashbacks, nightmares, recurrent thoughts, distressing images, and other sensory impressions of the traumatic event arouse intense distress and/or physiological reactions. Hypervigilance, startle response, irritability, difficulty concentrating, disturbed sleep, and avoidance behavior.
Social anxiety disorder
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations. The disorder causes significant distress and hinders the individual’s ability to function socially. The fear is triggered by social situations, and a central aspect of the disorder is fear of being judged, embarrassed, or humiliated. Social anxiety disorder is characterized by a range of physical symptoms, including panic attacks, depressive symptoms, and substance abuse. The disorder can co-occur with other mood disorders.
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